Cevap :
"There are two Mustafa Kemals. One the flesh-and-blood Mustafa Kemal who nowstands before you and who will pass away. the other is you, all of you here who will go tothe far corners of our land to spread the ideals which must be defended with your lives ifnecessary. I stand for the nation's dreams, and my life's work is to make them cometrue."
Atatürk stands as one of the world's few historic figures who dedicated their livestotally to their nations.
He was born in 1881 (probably in the spring) in Salonica, then an Ottoman city, now inGreece. His father Ali Riza, a customs official turned lumber merchant, died when Mustafawas still a boy. His mother Zubeyde, adevout and strong-willed woman, raised him and his sister. First enrolled in a traditionalreligious school, he soon switched to a modern school. In 1893, he entered a military highschool where his mathematics teacher gave him the second name Kemal (meaning perfection)in recognition of young Mustafa's superior achievement. He was thereafter known as MustafaKemal.
In 1905, Mustafa Kemal graduated from the War Academy in Istanbul with the rank ofStaff Captain. Posted in Damascus, he started with several colleagues, a clandestinesociety called "Homeland and Freedom" to fight against the Sultan'sdespotism. In 1908 he helped the group of officers who toppled the Sultan. Mustafa Kemal'scareer flourished as he won his heroism in the far corners of the Ottoman Empire,including Albania and Tripoli. He also briefly served as a staff officer in Salonica andIstanbul and as a military attache in Sofia.
In 1915, when Dardanelles campaign was launched, Colonel Mustafa Kemal became anational hero by winning successive victories and finally repelling the invaders. Promotedto general in 1916, at age 35, he liberated two major provinces in eastern Turkey thatyear. In the next two years, he served as commander of several Ottoman armies inPalestine, Aleppo, and elsewhere, achieving another major victory by stopping the enemyadvance at Aleppo.
Ataturk’s life
EVENTS IN ATATURK’S LIFE IN CHRONOLOGICAL ORDER
1881
Mustafa born in Salonika (Thessaloniki).
1893
Mustafa enters the Military Preparatory School in Salonika and is given the second name “Kemal” by his teacher.
1895
Mustafa Kemal enters the Military High School at Manastir.
1899
Mustafa Kemal enters the infantry class of the Military Academy in Istanbul.
1902
Mustafa Kemal graduates from the Military Academy and goes on to the General Staff College.
January11,1905
Mustafa Kemal graduates from the General Staff College with the rank of Staff Captain and is posted to the Fifth Army, based in Damascus.
October1906
Mustafa Kemal and his friends from the secret society “Fatherland and Freedom” in Damascus.
September1907
Mustafa Kemal transferred to Third Army and goes to Salonika.
September13,1911
Mustafa Kemal transferred to General Staff in Istanbul.
January9,1912
Mustafa Kemal successfully leads the Tobruk offensive in Libya.
November25,1912
Mustafa Kemal appointed Director of Operations, Mediterranean Straits Special Forces.
October27,1913
Mustafa Kemal appointed Military Attaché in Sofia.
April25,1915
Allies land at Ariburnu (Gallipoli) and Mustafa Kemal stops their progress with his division.
August9,1915
Mustafa Kemal appointed Commander of Anafartalar Group.
April1,1916
Mustafa Kemal promoted to Brigadier-General.
August6-7,1916
Mustafa Kemal takes Bitlis and Mus back from the enemy.
October31,1918
Mustafa Kemal becomes Commander of Lightning Group of Armies.
April30,1919
Mustafa Kemal appointed Inspector of 9th Army based in Erzurum with wide powers.
May16,1919
Mustafa Kemal leaves Istanbul.
May19,1919
Mustafa Kemal lands in Samsun. This date was recorded as the start of War of Independence.
July8,1919
Mustafa Kemal resigns from the post of Inspector of 3rd Army and from the army.
July23,1919
Mustafa Kemal elected Chairman of Erzurum Congress.
September4,1919
Mustafa Kemal elected Chairman of Sivas Congress.
December27,1919
Mustafa Kemal arrives in Ankara with the Executive Committee.
April23,1920
Mustafa Kemal opens the Turkish Grand National Assembly in Ankara.
May11,1920
Mustafa Kemal is condemned to death by the government in Istanbul.
August5,1921
Mustafa Kemal appointed Commander-in-Chief of the Army by the Grand National Assembly.
August23,1921
The battle of Sakarya begins with Turkish troops led by Mustafa Kemal.
September19,1921
The Grand National Assembly gives Mustafa Kemal the rank of Marshal and the title Gazi.
August26,1922
Gazi Mustafa Kemal begins to lead the Great Offensive from the hill of Kocatepe.
August30,1922
Gazi Mustafa Kemal Pasha wins the battle of Dumlupinar.
September10,1922
Gazi Mustafa Kemal enters Izmir.
November1,1922
The Grand National Assembly accepts Gazi Mustafa Kemal’s proposal to abolish the Sultanate.
January14,1923
Mustafa Kemal’s mother Zübeyde Hanim dies in Izmir.
October29,1923
Proclamation of the Turkish Republic and Gazi Mustafa Kemal is elected as the first President.
August24,1924
Gazi Mustafa Kemal wears a hat for the first time at Sarayburnu in Istanbul.
August9,1928
Gazi Mustafa Kemal speaks at Sarayburnu on the new Turkish Alphabet.
April12,1931
Gazi Mustafa Kemal founds the Turkish Historical Society.
July12,1932
Gazi Mustafa Kemal founds the Turkish Linguistic Society.
June16,1934
The Grand National Assembly passes a law granting Gazi Mustafa Kemal the surname “Atatürk”.
November10,1938
Atatürk dies at 09:05 in Dolmabahce Palace, Istanbul
